Lavado en seco y carga bacteriana en manos de personal hospitalario / Dry cleaning and bacterial load in the hands of hospital staff

Introducción: numerosos estudios han confirmado que el lavado de manos en seco con soluciones con una concentración de 60-70% de alcohol reducen significativamente la cantidad de gérmenes. Metodología: se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental con el objetivo de comparar carga bacteriana en manos de personal sanitario antes y después de lavado convencional y lavado en seco. Se incluyó 22 trabajadores sanitarios, divididos en 2 grupos al azar (grupo A y B), a todos se les hizo cultivo en agar sangre y agar McConkey previo al lavado. El grupo A (11 participantes) realizó lavado convencional, tomando cultivos nuevamente, luego realizó lavado en seco, se tomó nueva muestra de cultivos. El grupo B (11 participantes), luego de lavado en seco se realizó nuevo cultivo de manos. Se compararon todos los grupos con prueba T Student. Resultados: se identificaron 1521 UFC previo al lavado de manos convencional (A1), con una reducción del 38% en carga bacteriana después de lavado (A2) sin encontrar diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p 0.052), posterior a lavado convencional más lavado en seco (A3) se encontró reducción de 62.66% de UFC con respecto a A1, encontrando una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p 0.014). En el lavado en seco se identificaron 1503 UFC previo a lavado de manos con una reducción del 62.72% de UFC posterior a lavado, encontrando diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p 0.0026). Conclusión: El lavado de manos con jabón de base alcohólica es mas eficaz en la reducción de carga bacteriana que lavado de manos convencional con agua y jabón...AU)

Introduction: numerous studies have confirmed that the hand rub with solutions with a concentration of 60% -70% alcohol significantly reduce the amount of germs. Methodology: quasi-experimental study was performed in order to compare bacterial load in the hands of medical personnel before and after conventional washing and alcohol based hand rub. It included 22 health workers, divided randomly into 2 groups (group A and B), all they did blood agar and McConkey agar culture prior to washing. The group A (11 participants) performed conventional washing, taking culture again, then performed alcohol based hand rub, new sample for culture was taken The group B (11 participants), then alcohol based hand rub performed new culture of hands. All groups were compared with Student test. Results: 1521 CFU were identified prior to conventional hand washing (A1) with a 38% reduction in bacterial load after washing (A2) found no statistically significant difference (p 0.052), after conventional washing over alcohol based hand rub (A3) was found 62.66% reduction of CFU with respect to A1, finding a statistically significant (p 0.014). In the dry cleaning UFC 1503 were identified prior to washing hands with a 62.72% reduction of CFU after washing, finding statistically significant difference (p 0.0026). Conclusion: Alcohol based hand rub is more effective in reducing bacterial load than conventional hand washing with soap and water...(AU)

Trombosis venosa profunda: Factores de riesgo y profilaxis / Deep vein thrombosis: Risk factors and prophylaxis

Antecedentes: La enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (ETV) es catalogada como la causa prevenible más frecuente de muerte hospitalaria y la tercer causa de morbilidad se ha calculado que en EEUU pueden existir 600,000 casos anuales. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal con el objetivo de identificar pacientes con factores de riesgo para desarrollar ETV y no tienen profilaxis en servicios de medicina interna, ortopedia y cirugía del Hospital Roosevelt en agosto, 2016. Resultados: Se incluyeron 124 pacientes, 75/124 (60.4%) son de sexo masculino. El promedio de la edad fue de 44 años, rango de 14 ­ 87, 40/124 (32.2%) tenían indicación de reposo absoluto, 80/124 (64.5%) eran pacientes quirúrgicos, 16/124 (12.9%) tenían cáncer, 110/124 (88.7%) pacientes no recibieron profilaxis. Doce de 124 pacientes (9.6%) tenían al menos un factor de riesgo, 8/124 (6.4%) tenían 2 factores de riesgo, 16/124 (12.9%) tenían 3 factores de riesgo y 80/124 (64.5%) tenían 4 o más factores de riesgo. Conclusiones: Todos los pacientes encuestados poseen al menos un factor de riesgo para ETV, de los cuales 88.7% no recibe profilaxis...(AU)

Background: Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) is listed as the most frequent preventable cause of hospital death and the third cause of morbidity has been estimated that in the US there may be 600,000 cases per year. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study with the objective of identifying patients with risk factors to develop VTE and have no prophylaxis in services of internal medicine, orthopedics and surgery of the Roosevelt Hospital in August, 2016. Results: 124 patients were included, 75/124 ( 60.4%) are male. The average age was 44 years, range of 14 - 87, 40/124 (32.2%) had absolute rest indication, 80/124 (64.5%) were surgical patients, 16/124 (12.9%) had cancer, 110/124 (88.7%) patients did not receive prophylaxis . Twelve of 124 patients (9.6%) had at least one risk factor, 8/124 (6.4%) had 2 risk factors, 16/124 (12.9%) had 3 risk factors and 80/124 (64.5%) had 4 or more risk factors. Conclusions: All the patients surveyed have at least one risk factor for VTE, of which 88.7% do not receive prophylaxis ... (AU)

Anemia en pacientes ingresados en el Hospital Roosevelt / Anemia in patients admitted to the Roosevelt Hospital

Antecedentes: Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la prevalencia mundial de la anemia es de 24.80%.Es frecuente en el paciente hospitalizado y causa de agravamiento de las patologías de base. En Centro América no se han realizado estudios sobre la prevalencia de anemia en pacientes hospitalizados. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio transversal con estadística descriptiva primaria y analítica secundaria, para determinar la prevalencia de anemia y los factores de riesgo en pacientes hospitalizados en el Departamento de Medicina Interna del Hospital Roosevelt, agosto de 2013...(AU)

Background: According to the World Health Organization, the global prevalence of anemia is 24.80%. It is common in hospitalized patients and cause of worsening in the underlying pathologies. In Central America, studies have not been performed on the prevalence of anemia in hospitalized patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics, to determine the prevalence of anemia and risk factors for patients hospitalized in the Department of Internal Medicine at the Roosevelt Hospital, august 2,013. Results: 117 patients were included in the study of which 64/117 (55%) were female, the average age was 47 years (range 12-92 years), with an average hospital stay of 13 days (range 2 - 44 days). On admission the diagnosis of anemia was documented on the files of 26/117 (22%) patients, according to hemoglobin level at admission 69/117 (58%) and hemoglobin last control 74/117 (63%). It was found that 5 phlebotomy or more a week and a hospital stay longer than 15 days were 70% and 84% higher risk of developing anemia respectively, but without statistical significance. Conclusions: Anemia has a high prevalence in hospitalized patients (63%) and is under diagnosed in the emergency unit of Internal Medicine at the Roosevelt Hospital.(AU)